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This paper focuses on the theoretical and practical similarities and differences between Wilfred Bion (1897–1979), the object relations psychoanalyst from Britain, and Elaine Kepner (1920–2002), the American psychologist and specialist of the gestalt group approach. The starting points and conclusions of their theories are polar opposites, but the similarities and filiations remain of particular interest for the light they shed on the psychology of group phenomena and of group leadership. They open a new frontier for gestalt psychotherapists interested in the group process.