The unconscious or the “other scene” From Fechner’s knowledge to Freud’s
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It is from the “other scene” that we approach the unconscious. This oft-quoted formula needs to be deciphered. This presupposes a precise investigation of its origins: a quote from Gustav Fechner, the inventor of “psychophysics,” in The Interpretation of Dreams. We then need to grasp how it is appropriated and reread in metapsychology, starting with the dream, the “royal road of interpretation,” as a paradigm of unconscious formations. Following an analysis of the genesis of philosophical apprehension of the unconscious before Freud, this allows us to reread the decisive break made by psychoanalysis, rejecting back to back the conscientialism of the Cartesian tradition and the belief in the unconscious as a metaphysical principle, as in Eduard von Hartmann. The Freudian unconscious, on the other hand, is “processual” and “systemic” (in reference to the “unconscious system”). The subject is divided in the in-between, which makes the Fechnerian metaphor a key, transposed into the knowledge of the unconscious. Ultimately, this distances analytic interpretation from hermeneutics, the cult of meaning, opening the way to the signifier and the Unbewusste or “blunder,” a homophonic game which, for Lacan, enables us to think of its radical eventuality.
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