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Étienne Libois (1694-1776) was the author of the vast Encyclopédie des dieux et des héros sortis des qualités des quatre élémens et de leur quintessence, suivant la science hermétique, published in 1773 and reedited in 1776. This work, although little known, deserves, however, a closer look as it is stands at a highly original crossroads between mythographic scholarship and alchemical exegesis. In the wake of literary practice dating back to the fourteenth century, the Encyclopédie remains, to our eyes, an outstanding example of the swansong of alchemical interpretation in Graeco-Roman mythology. This article unveils the content and reception of the work itself, and gives shape to its author, a forgotten alchemist.