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We now live in a world that is both globalized and culturally differentiated, where identity issues are of particular importance. This article will emphasize the different ways in which we can conceptualize our identity and our communities of belonging. After highlighting the dangers of a ‘communitarian’ interpretation of the community that naturalizes identity by conceiving of it as an essence, as well as the aporias of a universalist conception that opens it to all humanity without taking into account concrete and situated identities, we will argue here for a ‘cosmopolitan’ understanding of the community that allows us to conceive identity as plural and open to difference.