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The text is the first French translation of Romano Alquati’s study, an exemplary testimony to the work of collaborative research carried out with workers in Turin engaged in militant action in 1963. Alquati, who is here offering an immediate theorical appraisal of the “wildcat” strike, confronts the operaismo thesis regarding the autonomy of the working class to the form of insubordination manifest in what was then the largest Taylorist factory in Italy. He also proposes a synthesis of the operaismo reading of capitalist development as an alternation between a phase characterised by the organisation of struggle and one of technological restructuring. The analytics of effective subsumption formulated by Alquati is thus coordinated with an analytics of factory-floor conflict, in which he identifies its strengths, weaknesses and potentialities.