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This paper questions the proximity between two contemporary problematizations, in the first half of the 1970s, of the reproduction of the labor power, in Marxist feminism and in Marxist anthropology. Examining Silvia Federici’s itinerary from the 1970s to the 2000s and then Claude Meillassoux’s analysis of the capture of the “domestic mode of production” by imperialist capitalism, the essay examines their respective problematizations of the connection between wage theory and the question of primitive accumulation. And on this basis, it raises the question of a socio-anthropological division between two modes of generational renewal of human communities, by genesic reproduction and by migratory reproduction.