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In early Hellenistic times, Greek sculptors engage in intense reflection on the role of landscape in their art, which unfolds in three main directions: some artists carve directly the natural bedrock and modify a site’s appearance; others choose to embed their works in pre-existing landscapes, changing their meaning; others finally create imaginary sculpted landscapes in relief or in the round. These artistic landscapes, particularly important in Rhodes, serve various aesthetic purposes: while generally representing the cosmic and social order of things, the landscape can also tell a story or trigger a reflection on artistic creation.