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This article first proposes to contrast Elizabeth Anderson’s arguments on integration as an imperative of justice with those of Iris Marion Young who criticizes the ideal of integration and prefers an ideal of inclusion as “differentiated solidarity.” I then proceed to test the arguments promoting or criticizing integration by placing them in a French context, where the concept has a very different semantic field and sociohistory than in the North American context. The article will propose a qualified defense of the concept of integration, not as an “imperative” or an “ideal” but rather as an “essential by-product” of racial desegregation.