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In 1944, in the context of the electrification of Portugal, the Hidroeléctrica do Cávado company (HICA) started exploring the Cávado River. Over two decades, HICA constructed five hydroelectric systems, including dams and power stations, but also small settlements to house the company’s workers, technicians, and managers. Through a systematic analysis of these hydroelectric architectures, this paper identifies the underling rationale and principles involved in HICA’s design decisions. It presents the initial studies that helped determine the location of the dams as well as the constructions built around them. The paper’s argument is focused is on the settlements built for power station workers, which were fundamental to the construction and maintenance of the related infrastructure. The paper investigates the domestic nature of the settlements, the circumstances that surrounded their construction and the architects involved in the process. Over and all, these projects initiated a process of deep transformation of the Portuguese landscape, in which the HICA’s lacked a clear and identifiable vision for the Cávado Valley, whose main concern was to maintain absolute control over the landscape and the physical layout of their power plants and workers’ settlements.