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One of the many moments when the possibility (or the impossibility) of women artists of reaching and exercising a respected position in the arts is when they must affirm their leadership, obtain the co-operation of others ?men and women colleagues, partners or intermediaries ? in order to produce works of art. The article examines the possibility of women’s legitimacy to direct other musicians through the case of women jazz instrumentalists. It considers, in the face of obstacles within this field, the transgressive strategies adopted that allow them, despite everything, to create musical works under their own name...