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Based on interviews and primary sources, this article examines the role of the Family Planning organization in the difficult professionalization of the activity of couples and family therapy. This activity, which has existed since the 1930s, has been particularly developed and institutionalised since the 1960s inside the Family Planning, despite the fact that the Family Planning for a long time opposed the idea that such activities should be professionalized. This article seeks to explain how a well-known and publicly recognized feminist organization such as the Planning, contributed to reproducing gender inequalities ? by opposing the professionalization of an activity carried out by women for the benefit of women ? while at the same time it promoted more subversive gender norms.