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In psychoanalytic research, the reference to the individual myth and the collective myth is a point of understanding and apprehension of neurosis and the satisfactions at stake. If individual neurosis shapes its own narratives so that the neurotic subject can better tolerate what he or she represses, the collective myth proposes a completely different, cathartic treatment of this same repression. For Freud, myths and tragedies were thus precious gateways to understanding neurosis, while at the same time capturing distinctions over time in the material taken by repression. It is on these conceptual and contextual bases that we propose to examine a singular work by Aimé Césaire on what could have been a unique version of the myth of the colonial situation rejecting any perspective of a subject being on the side of the colonized.