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Advances in evolutionary biology, anthropology, child psychology, behavioral economics, and neuroscience enable us to better define and study morality from a naturalistic perspective. The function of morality is to increase social cohesion and to facilitate cooperation between individuals. This biological adaptation, specific to homo sapiens, is underpinned by a suite of capacities that emerge early in ontogeny. Infants possess socio-moral evaluative abilities that allow them to discriminate and categorize third-party social interactions. These abilities guide their expectations of how people should interact with one another. Such biological predispositions, shaped over the course of evolution, interact with social and cultural learning from the very beginning of life.