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The present meta-analytic study examines the differential impact of maltreatment and various socioeconomic risks on attachment security and disorganization. Fifty-five studies with 4,792 children were traced, yielding a total of fifty-nine samples with non-maltreated highrisk children (n = 4,336) and ten samples with maltreated children (n = 456). We tested whether the proportions of secure versus insecure (avoidant, resistant, and disorganized) and organized versus disorganized attachments varied as a function of different risk indicators. The results showed that children living under highrisk conditions (including maltreatment studies) showed fewer secure (d = 0.67) and more disorganized (d = 0.77) attachments than children living in low-risk families. Large effect sizes were found for the set of maltreatment studies: maltreated children were less secure (d = 2.10) and more disorganized (d = 2.19) than other high-risk children (d = 0.48 and d = 0.48, respectively). However, children exposed to five socioeconomic risk factors (k = 8 studies, d = 1.20) were not significantly less likely to be disorganized than maltreated children. Overall, these meta-analyses show the destructive impact of maltreatment on attachment security and disorganization, but the accumulation of socioeconomic risks appears to have a similarly damaging impact on attachment disorganization.