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This paper proposes a joint analysis of residential mobility and the concentration of selected target populations in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, France. The link between the emergence of metropolitan areas and residential segregation is examined. The analyses are based on location quotients and dominant flows of residential mobility. They show marked spatial differences across the residential patterns of the target populations. The most remarkable divide concerns managerial and executive workers and the unemployed, who appear to avoid each other, generating segregated spatial configurations. The results also show the complexity of the spatial configurations produced by the target populations, as well as the sensitivity to particular local features.