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The present study attempts on the one hand to throw light on the influence of transgenerational heredity in the evolution of the family, and on the other to elucidate certain abuses linked to the obstacles in the path of accomplishing adoption. With this aim in mind, the author studies the theoretical and practical model of family psychoanalysis. He questions the function of transmission while clarifying its domains of intervention. Adoption is accomplished thanks to the child’s integration within the genealogy. Through the presentation of three vignettes of psychoanalytic family therapy, the author reveals the difficulties of this process, its stumbling-blocks and the means of approaching them. The interest gradually emerges of questioning the role played by each of the parents in hesitating to integrate the genealogy of the other, and in positioning themselves in relation to the inscription of the child in a lineage.