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After a presentation of the legal situation and the social perceptions relating to religious private schools in Quebec, this article compares empirically how -and under what aspects- the religious dimension of a Jewish school called traditionalist and another one, describing itself as orthodox, is reflected in their discourses and practices. Inspired by the ethnographic tradition, this nuanced analysis helps to identify similarities and significant differences thus revealing a portrait quite more complex than suggested by the normative debates on religious private schools. Turning into a multifaceted perspective the place of Judaism in the educational goals of those two schools, the place of internal and external pluralism and the conception of autonomy conveyed in the schooling, the article shows, in both cases, the desire to form good citizens carrying Jewish values perceived as universal.