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This article traverses the principal lines of the development of the concept of “alienation” in Lacan. In the psychoanalytical literature in general, the word “alienation” is frequently used to speak about the report of the subject to the imaginary register. By using this term, Lacan built a concept of “subject”, different from ego psychological, in respect with the freudian letter. But, it is only in Seminar XI that will be developed the bases of a new design of alienation, a properly psychoanalytical design, different from Hegel’s inheritance. It becomes the fundamental element to locate the relationship between the subject and the Other, the joint between the private clinic and the analysis of the social bond.