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In the context of transition toward a bio-based chemistry that should be economically and ecologically sustainable (or “doubly green chemistry”), firms developing research and development strategies are implementing heterogeneous territorial anchorage strategies. In this paper, we study four representative firms to highlight how they are developing their anchoring logic in territories. We demonstrate that the logic of the anchoring strategies, in the cases studied, is linked to national strategies. When this is not the case, it results in—and underlines—the fragility of the business model of the firm.