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In September 2023, 139 First World War funerary and memorial sites were added to the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. The feature article presents the choices made by the Scientific Committee to explain how these sites have been categorized. The designated burial places and monuments highlight a major anthropological and cultural turning point that is the practice of individual sepulture achieving then a process that had already begun during the middle of the xix century.These sites are also representative of the various social status of the deceased. Since the 1960s, the former belligerents have included them into the reconciliation process. Today, their presence enables historians to question further the culture of war and violence within the societies involved in the First World War. By examining the relationship between war and peace, these sites, which have become a framework for reflection, demonstrate UNESCO’s very true mission: to give rise to peace in men’s minds.