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Faced with the challenges of climate change, public policies are seeking to adapt societies to its foreseeable and unforeseen impacts. However, vulnerable populations, particularly in at-risk areas, face increased challenges in terms of food security, health, and infrastructure, with limited resources to adapt. These environmental injustices exacerbate the social injustices to which these populations are already exposed. Social workers are called upon to implement adaptation policies, such as eco-gestures, but economic and social vulnerabilities reduce the effectiveness of these efforts as much as the prescriptive and guilt-inducing form of these policies. While vulnerable people are often stigmatized as indifferent to ecological issues, they express a certain distance from dominant narratives and take ownership of environmental issues. This text analyzes the obstacles between collective imaginaries and ecological specificities, explores the place of ecological knowledge in public debate, and concludes with a possible link between environmental justice and epistemic injustices.