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This article analyzes the origin and diversity of work situations by bringing to light two emerging concepts: the “independent worker” and the “project-based worker.” It continues the research led on work “beyond employment” (Castel 2007), which could emerge from the rise of “gray areas” (Supiot 2000) in work, or from the “hybrid mobilizations of work situations” (Dupuy and Larré 1998). The analysis leads to a typology of work situations, which builds on the definition of these two concepts and is based on two variables: the level of presumed legal subordination and the economic risk borne by the worker. In particular, this typology shows the great diversity of work situations and the obsolescence of distinctions between employment and self-employment in law, as the concepts of “independent worker” and “project-based worker” transcend legal statuses; contributes to the analysis of “gray areas,” such as work within umbrella companies or umbrella worker cooperatives, within groups of employers, or within the sharing economy etc.; and, finally, highlights the diversity of organizations involved in employment relationships, which are categorized based on whether they give access or not to a salaried status, and on whether or not they provide tasks to the worker.We conclude with several questions raised by the article and with some topics for further research.