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Since the epidemic emergence of HIV/ AIDS infection in the late 70’s early 80’s, Africa is the most affected continent. Northern Africa is opposed to Black Africa. In Northern Africa, despite reservations due a difficulty to assess the situation, the epidemic does not explode. The HIV virus is not strongly established among the population (less than 1 % of pregnant women in urban areas). In Black Africa, the epidemic is widespread. UNAIDS/WHO estimate that 8.8 % of young adults (age 15-49) live with AIDS. This average figure conceals the discrepancies noted throughout various observations. Territories are one of the forms of expression of the epidemic; the study of territorialization through HIV/AIDS infection improves the epidemiological and geographic analysis. The consequences of this sanitary drama are brought up in the last part of this article.