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Over a decade ( 1990-2001), the French army went through an important geopolitical revolution. For more than a century ( 1870-1990), the “mental map” of the French army was simple. The main menace was coming from the East, and then at times from the “far south”, northern Africa, Black Africa or Indochina. This has completely changed. Three theaters are now at the center stage of military preoccupations. In order of importance: an axis from Djibouti to Afghanistan passing through the Gulf, the Balkans and Black Africa. In the past ten years, the French army has undergone a real transformation. Conscription has been abandoned and the military see their actions on a multinational level. The mondialization has reached the military probably faster and harder than civilians. More than any other national institution, the French army took this change head on. To a new world, a new army.