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Questions over how to relate with both the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the European Union (EU) cropped up in the debates precluding the French referendum over the Constitutional Treaty of the European Union. Indeed, the clause over mutual assistance in the latter Constitution clearly defines engagement and cooperation in this matter as consistent with the accepted requirements signed within NATO, the latter remaining the basis of their joint defense and the authority for its implementation for all member-states. In the aftermath of the East-West confrontation, both NATO and the EU set for enlargement beyond the former “Iron Curtain”. It is therefore in the frame of NATO that European states – siding with the USA – are led to “side and borderline” on the confines of the Union, projecting their power beyond the boundaries and marches of Europe. Enlarging NATO, taking up new missions and developing a functional approach to security has broadened its projection area. It now encompasses the southern and eastern flanks of the EU, thus overlapping on the peripheral confines of Europe. In the process, NATO transformed itself into a modular structure, flexible (in response) and “expeditionary”(in its nature). This “transformation” in-the-making is meant to turn its ever-improving capacity in a ?tool-box? for future coalitions of willingnesstobe and give it the ability to take part in even wider coalitions.