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Decentralization was supposed to bring an amelioration to our territorial administrations. It aimed at bring closer decisions to citizens, reinforce democracy, allow a close-range action and stimulate investments.After twenty years of development and growth, sometimes unrestrained, local administrations were not able to overcome their limits and adapt to promote new forms of associations that better fit the needs of citizens. They remained locked in confined territories that, sometimes, became uncoherent with the rapidly changing expectations and ways of life of the citizens. They also were burdened by little anticipated financial difficulties. A group of technical and political leaders emerged at their top without local democracy being reenergized.At a time of reorganization of the national territory, new decision making processes must be found. The erosion forces to reform.