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Fifty years ago, in October 1970, the Brazilian government launched a vast project to connect the regions of the Northeast to the Amazon by a road called Transamazônica (Transamazonian), and a set of government interventions to stimulate migratory flows and attracting investment to the Amazon. The central objective was the occupation of the territory, the expansion of economic activities and population growth. This project was part of territorial policies strongly linked to a classic geopolitical vision, fifty years after the construction of the road the pioneer front is still moving forwards and the Brazilian government aims to complete the project within the next two decades by inserting new projects such as the construction of hydroelectric power stations, thus aiming to consolidate the occupation.