The dreaded robber gangs and the stakes in repressing them. The case of the caressets of the Vosges in the 16th and 17th centuries
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In September 1599, Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, promulgated an order against «several vagrants» carrying weapons and living in the woods. The following month, the Duke sent a letter to the three main provosts in the Vosges, asking them to «purge the pathways». The Vosges were both a judiciary unit (the bailiwick of Vosges) and a specific geographical space (the mountainous border periphery of the duchy); they would henceforth become a prime theater of operations for the crackdown on theft at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries.
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