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The “courage of truth” is a notion developed by Michel Foucault in the lectures he gave at the Collège de France from 1982 to 1984, by studying the Greek concept of parrhesia (speaking freely). This article examines four illustrations of this courage: democratic courage (that of politicians who are bold enough to speak to the people on unpopular themes), Socratic courage (Socrates’ painful testing of minds, daring to confront people with their own ignorance), cynical courage (denouncing social hypocrisies starting from an outside position), and the courage of the Enlightenment (daring to think for oneself).