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The concepts of the break or continuum between normal and pathological have changed over time, under the influence of the pursuit of social norms. And in psychiatry, the diagnostic assessment of pathology is also subject to this influence, involving various disciplinary bodies of knowledge depending on different theoretical points of view and practices. The concept of psychic structure illustrates the current discrepancy between the psychological body and the medico-psychiatric body. However, if the current trend is toward American-style classification, the reality on the ground incites us to consider the meaning of the symptom, in the psychoanalytical sense. Beyond restrictively theoretical constraints, how can we reconcile the DSM approach and the structural, essentially psychoanalytical approach? How can we mobilize the ethic of both professions, each of which is often confined to a theoretical paradigm which, while not obsolete, sometimes lacks flexibility? The future of the “madman” of our societies depends upon it. It is our duty to question our perceptual schemas of mental illness, and to continue the movement of the re-humanization of madness initiated in the fifties.