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Ways of being a father have changed. Differences between generations have led to new trends. We have gone from an institutional form of paternity to an involved, relational paternity, promoted by the mobility of identities and the democracy of intimacy. Various studies allow us to analyse changes in this direction. However a juxtaposition of representations inherited from the rural and industrial patriarchy hinders the transformation of institutions, of gendered social relationships, and of educational practices. Furthermore, while positive factors accompany these changes and the behaviours of these “new fathers” , it is also important to lift the barriers opposing these changes to work towards parental equality, in a multicultural society, respectful of human rights, preserving self-esteem, and with respect for others and for the children.