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This urban sociolinguistics study, which assesses the impact of urban changes on linguistic practices and speech, takes place within the context of a process of gentrification currently underway in Marseille. We study the linguistic practices and the attitudes of the “ néo-Marseillais,” a population of new residents who are beginning to emerge as a category, or even a stereotype. Using observations and interviews with new arrivals, we analyze the way in which this population takes up — or not — the locally spoken variety of French. This ranges from an almost complete lack of knowledge of the local linguistic characteristics to a “spontaneous” and integrated usage of the features of the variety of French spoken in Marseille, by way of different levels of knowledge/usage of resources that could constitute an element of integration or segregation — amongst others — for néo-Marseillais in the city.