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The year 2011 was marked by a real political earthquake in the Arab world. It is in Tunisia that the revolution began. This major upheaval was the most significant political event since the end of the colonial era, and it grew and experienced a second wave in 2019. A decade after the first waves of protests, what conclusions can we draw today? The demands expressed in public places reflect a real desire for change. Beyond any speculation on the evolution of the ongoing transition processes, do the new elites have an alternative societal project to propose to the people after years of authoritarianism? The current unprecedented levels of cultural, ideological, and political turbulence signal a real break with the past. This article will test the hypothesis according to which embracing political modernity requires societies to overcome a certain political culture that maintains immobility.