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This conceptual paper examines factors that shape inter-cluster alliance portfolio configuration in knowledge-intensive industries. Drawing on the resource-based view, the dynamic capabilities approach, and social network theory, we propose that the configuration of an inter-cluster alliance portfolio is determined by a cluster’s alliance capacity and needs, which are themselves shaped by its resources and capabilities, its alliance strategy, and environmental conditions. This research contributes to the growing literature examining cluster connectivity – a configuration of cluster linkages – and helps advance understanding of the conditions clusters should consider when building their cluster-level connectivity through inter-cluster alliances.