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Fairtrade is generally perceived as a hybrid practice, between donation and the market, as development leverage for countries of the South. By means of a case study in Mali, this article questions each of these interpretations: it questions the performance of a trade that, although “fair”, remains wrapped in a market economy, and, at the same time, it questions the implications linked to its donation aspect. This type of analysis aims to identify the limits of Fairtrade due to the political and cultural implications it carries.