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The South-East Asian regional integration process started in 1967 and was enlarged in the 1990s. The establishment of a single market is expected by 2015. This process is often presented as a model for South-South integration. This paper studies the engines of this process at the institutional and at the market levels. It shows that extra-regional actors have played the major role in the regional integration building process. The paper starts by analyzing the trade integration measures and estimating their impact; it goes on to examine the change in trade structures in the region.