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The aim of this article is to characterize the individual and collective initiatives implemented by Senegalese artisanal fishermen to confront the crisis (ecological and economic). Such initiatives are organized around new – “legal” or “illegal” – “political” and “technical” dynamics, such as migrant fishing, the targeting of new resources, mixed fishing techniques, and even pickup boats. We first characterize these initiatives, then we analyze their scope in the context of an acute crisis and the future in the context of sustainable management of fish stocks and the hardening of national and regional legislation (at the ECOWAS and SRFC levels).