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The aim of this paper is to examine the sources of the gender wage gap in the Senegalese labor market. Based on a combination of human capital theory and the theory of discrimination, ENES data (2015) are used for econometric estimations. Selectivity bias correction, Oaxaca-Blinder linear decomposition, and Firpo-Fortin-Lemieux recentered influence function (RIF) regressions allow us to break down the mean gender wage gap and the gap at different levels of wage distribution. The results show that 45 % of the gap, on average, is justified by differences in observed productive characteristics in favor of men, while 55 % of the gap is due to discrimination effect. For wage distribution, the results reveal that the share related to discrimination effect decreases, while differences of observed productive characteristics increase. Women are discriminated against in their early years, but as they gain in experience, they are more valued. The results of this paper justify the need to intensify the policies of gender equality by improving women’s productive abilities. JEL Classification: J24, J31, J71