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Uterus transplantation (UTx) is the first treatment offered for treating absolute uterine factor infertility. It is also the first organ transplantation that is transitory (i.e., lasting for the duration of 1 to 2 pregnancies), proposed for a non-vital indication: the ability to carry a child and give birth. Although UTx is still at the experimental stage, today more than 70 transplants have been performed worldwide. The first in France was performed by our team at Foch hospital in 2019. It allowed the birth of a healthy baby girl in 2021. An overview of the developments up until now allows us to analyze the steps necessary for the success of the transplant, from the selection of donors (D) and recipients (R), to surgery, immunosuppressive treatment, and pregnancy. The procedure is still complex and involves risks of failures and complications. We discuss here potential developments and future prospects, including likely simplifications of the surgical procedure. The ethical issues raised by UTx are also discussed. In the years to come we will discover whether UTx is destined to enter the field of current specialized infertility practices.