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Everybody does not trust the Left’s ability to govern the economy. The budgetary responsibility demanded by rating agencies leads to depression, and further deficit. The confidence given to autonomous financial institutions has also shown its limits. The new economic policy will be driven by ecological challenges. If those are linked with social justice, the Left will be able to unite citizens and capture investment. The development of a green economy will create opportunities for new jobs and new wealth, especially if we are able to change the way of measuring wealth and if we are able to give values to social justice and territorial equity. Urban development transforms these issues into shared challenges, in need of democratic debates and public investment.