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The enlargement of the European Union to include Ukraine is a very special issue. It has become the political basis for European solidarity and unconditional support in the face of Putin’s aggression. Although the country complies with the “acquis communautaire” in terms of the rule of law, the principle of enlargement is coming up against numerous difficulties and opposition from the Member States: weak military support and insufficient defense industries, competition from Ukrainian agricultural products in case of integration into a large market exempt from customs duties. We are faced with a paradox that must be overcome. Enlargement is both essential, inevitable for the security of the entire continent, and complex from an economic point of view.