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In 1956 Fanon resigned from his French mission in Algeria. His conscience had become the “seat of unpardonable debates,” since—as he wrote in his letter of resignation—“the doctrinal foundations [of psychiatry] are a daily defiance of an authentically human outlook.” This article aims to follow Fanon’s conundrum on the ethnopsychiatric posture of his time. I suggest that Fanon’s writing concerning the role of cultures inside the therapeutic atmosphere is anything but coherent, because he irreducibly belongs to a time where there was a fascination with the insanity of colonized people, but full of antinomies and pseudo-scientific theories and the increasing violence of colonial society. His mode of reasoning on the realms of healing is nevertheless essential, because it forces us to abandon any attempt to vulgarize cultures and it pushes us to rethink the relationship between alienation and alterity.