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The public debate over racism is polluted by terms that expose as hate speech statements that are simply polemical and shocking. Thus, any criticism of Israel is seen as anti-Semitic, any disrespectful statement about Islam is understood as expressing hatred of Muslims, and any denunciation of discriminations against Muslims is supposed to reflect a support for the most radical Islamist movements. This lack of distinction is the result of a simplistic vision that tends to reinforce the phenomena it claims to combat.