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This article proposes a reflection based on Roger Bautier’s De la Rhétorique à la communication. It shows the persistent interest of this book in thinking about communication, rhetoric and propaganda in the public space, in that it brings together the questions of the place of the image and the writing, of scientific argumentation, of the reception of the media, of the social, of the public debate, by questioning theoretical approaches to the media, information and communication. This “generalist”, analytical and theoretical position in information and communication sciences, with a critical anchoring, linking communication and (the desire for) power, allows us to situate the objects that this discipline takes up, both in their historical depth and in their social dynamics.