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This paper comes from a field experience in the domain of socio-anthropology of health. It aims to consider the treatment of atypical empirical materials, as categorized by social scientists and/or field actors. These materials can barely be subjects to generalization. However, they are sometimes critical in the process of understanding a social phenomenon. How can we deal with them during the conduct of the research and the data analysis process? This article shows how the “particular” can have a heuristic dimension. It also discusses the solutions to integrate such materials into a general scope analysis. It intends to raise the issue of relations between researchers and their inquiries, and, more widely, between researchers and the knowledge production process in social sciences.