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The notion of the Anthropocene gives rise to variable and contradictory interpretations. Some read it as the advent of an “age of man”. Others understand the Anthropocene as a geological breaking point that requires political reinvention to ensure that non-humans are taken into account in our societies. Once understood in this way, the notion embodies an injunction to change. The aim of this article is to take this injunction seriously, and to invest it as an opportunity to question one of Claude Lefort’s central theses: the “indeterminacy” of our modern democracies, which would make them societies capable of reinventing themselves through constant openness and availability to historical turbulence. This interrogation will be conducted by paying attention to a politico-legal metamorphosis that is currently taking place outside the boundaries of Western democratic modernity, through the consecration of the rights of nature.