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Between the fifth and the twelfth centuries, the market remuneration of labor was kept in the background by relations of dependence. However, from the thirteenth century onward, labor markets developed with diversified and personalized contracts, particularly in medieval industries or in intensive agriculture, while the remuneration of the nobility and the clergy was distinguished by its symbolic components. The authorities regulated conflicts and economic fluctuations, but the privileges of trade organizations and the action of institutions did not abolish competition.