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This article analyses how forestry cooperatives can play a role in reducing the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere in both developing and developed countries. It first presents a basic review of the international efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It then shows how two different kinds of forestry cooperatives – forest-owner cooperatives and forest-user cooperatives – are particularly well-suited to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Lastly, it presents examples from five regions around the world that illustrate how carbon sequestration could be carried out by forestry cooperatives and similar organisations in very different ecological, economic, political and land tenure contexts.