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The notion of structural sin, challenged by the concept of nature, produces several problematics (nature/spirit world; sin/salvation; etc.). Piet Schoonenberg has worked on the essence of sin, in such a way that the sins of the world and original sin are equivalent. Based on the anthropological analysis of the being in situation, Schoonenberg develops his conception of human nature, bringing a better understanding of what it truly represents in terms of conveying order, the order of creation, as though affected by sin not in its being proper but in its signification. The main axes of this idea are borrowed from Karl Rahner, for whom the word nature is opposed to such notions as freedom, spirit, grace, God. Nature confronts subjectivity but their face-to-face leaves room for the opening of human freedom. The being in the world is inscribed in becoming. Nature belongs to the finite while man, in his nature, transcends the world and is open to God. Human nature is always already made conform by grace. Rahner draws on Heidegger’s analysis in Sein und Zeit, while maintaining the notion of a unique temporality founded on the being of nature. Finally, three temporalities can be identified in what precedes.