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The professional environment of State’s inspectorate services has evolved over the past years. This testimony shows what are the consequences of these evolutions on the General Inspectorate for Social Affairs (IGAS). This inspectorate moved from being originally a service centered on control and evaluation to being one developing a range of missions such as auditing, counselling and provisional administration. Auditing distinguished itself by the application of inter?ministerial norms. Provisional administration implies developing high managerial competencies in methodologies of transitional management. Nonetheless, one shouldn’t overstate the evolution of these missions: transitional management stays fairly marginal in its frequency and auditing does not lead to a break away from the control and evaluation practices. The main novelty consists in IGAS’s mobilization in helping the administration reform process. Furthermore IGAS limited means should lead to a greater selectivity and to a focus on the high stakes affairs.